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United States Secretary of the Navy

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Not to be confused with Chief of Naval Operations.

Secretary of the Navy
Seal of the Department of the Navy
Flag of the secretary
since 9 August 2021
Department of the Navy
StyleMister Secretary
The Honorable (formally)
AbbreviationSECNAV
Reports toSecretary of Defense
Deputy Secretary of Defense
AppointerThe President,
with Senate advice and consent
Constituting instrument10 U.S.C. § 8013
Formation18 June 1798; 226 years ago (18 June 1798)
First holderBenjamin Stoddert
Succession3rd in SecDef succession
DeputyThe Under Secretary
(Principal Civilian Deputy)
Chief of Naval Operations
(Navy Advisor and Deputy)
The Commandant
(Marine Corps Advisor and Deputy)
SalaryExecutive Schedule, level II
Websitewww.secnav.navy.mil

The secretary of the Navy (SECNAV) is a statutory officer (10 U.S.C. § 8013) and the head (chief executive officer) of the Department of the Navy, a military department within the United States Department of Defense.

By law, the secretary of the Navy must be a civilian at least five years removed from active military service. The secretary is appointed by the president and requires confirmation by the Senate.

The secretary of the Navy was, from its creation in 1798, a member of the president's Cabinet until 1949, when the secretary of the Navy (and the secretaries of the Army and Air Force) were by amendments to the National Security Act of 1947 made subordinate to the secretary of defense.[1]

On August 7, 2021, Carlos Del Toro was confirmed as secretary of the Navy.[2]

From 2001 to 2019, proposals to rename the Department of the Navy to the Department of the Navy and Marine Corps, which would have also renamed the secretary of the Navy to the secretary of the Navy and Marine Corps, were introduced with wide support in the United States Congress, but failed due to the opposition of Senator and retired U.S. Navy officer John McCain.[3]

Responsibilities

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The Department of the Navy (DoN) consists of two uniformed services: the United States Navy and the United States Marine Corps.[4] The secretary of the Navy is responsible for, and has statutory authority (10 U.S.C. § 8013) to "conduct all the affairs of the Department of the Navy", i.e. as its chief executive officer, subject to the limits of the law, and the directions of the president and the secretary of defense. In effect, all authority within the Navy and Marine Corps, unless specifically exempted by law, is derivative of the authority vested in the secretary of the Navy.

Specifically enumerated responsibilities of the SECNAV in the aforementioned section are: recruiting, organizing, supplying, equipping, training, mobilizing, and demobilizing. The secretary also oversees the construction, outfitting, and repair of naval ships, equipment, and facilities. SECNAV is responsible for the formulation and implementation of policies and programs that are consistent with the national security policies and objectives established by the president or the secretary of defense.[5][6]

The secretary of the Navy is a member of the Defense Acquisition Board (DAB), chaired by the Under Secretary of Defense for Acquisition, Technology and Logistics. Furthermore, the secretary has several statutory responsibilities under the Uniform Code of Military Justice (UCMJ) with respect to the administration of the military justice system for the Navy & the Marine Corps, including the authority to convene general courts-martial and to commute sentences.

The principal military advisers to the SECNAV are the two service chiefs of the naval services: for matters regarding the Navy the chief of naval operations (CNO), and for matters regarding the Marine Corps the commandant of the Marine Corps (CMC). The CNO and the Commandant act as the principal executive agents of the SECNAV within their respective services to implement the orders of the secretary.

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The United States Navy Regulations is the principal regulatory document of the Department of the Navy, and all changes to it must be approved by the secretary of the Navy.

U.S. Coast Guard

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Whenever the United States Coast Guard operates as a service within the Department of the Navy, the secretary of the Navy has the same powers and duties with respect to the Coast Guard as the secretary of homeland security when the Coast Guard is not operating as a service in the Department of the Navy.[7]

The Navy Secretariat

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The Office of the Secretary of the Navy, also known within DoD as the Navy Secretariat or simply just as the Secretariat in a DoN setting, is the immediate headquarters staff that supports the secretary in discharging his duties. The principal officials of the Secretariat include the under secretary of the Navy (the secretary's principal civilian deputy), the assistant secretaries of the Navy (ASN), the general counsel of the Navy, the judge advocate general of the Navy (JAG), the Naval inspector general (NIG), the chief of Legislative Affairs, and the chief of naval research. The Office of the Secretary of the Navy has sole responsibility within the Department of the Navy for acquisition, auditing, financial and information management, legislative affairs, and public affairs.[8]

Pursuant to SecNavInst 5090.5F, the Department of the Navy Environmental Programs Manual, the secretary of the Navy and chief of naval operations recognize a number of commands annually for achievements in such areas as environmental quality, environmental cleanup, natural resources conservation, cultural resources management, pollution prevention, and recycling.[9]

The chief of naval operations and the commandant of the Marine Corps have their own separate staffs, the Office of the Chief of Naval Operations (also known by its acronym OPNAV) and Headquarters Marine Corps.

Secretaries of the Navy

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  Denotes acting secretaries

[10]

Continental Congress

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Position Portrait Name Term of office
Chairman of the Marine Committee John Adams 13 October 1775 – 1779
Member of the Marine Committee John Langdon 13 October 1775–?
Member of the Marine Committee Silas Deane 13 October 1775–?
Member of the Marine Committee Joseph Hewes 1775[11]
Continental Navy Board
(under Marine Committee) 		6 November 1776 – 28 October 1779
Chairman of the Continental Board of Admiralty Francis Lewis December 1779 – 1780
Secretary of Marine Alexander McDougall 7 February 1781 – 29 August 1781
Agent of Marine
(devolved onto Superintendent of Finance) 		Robert Morris 29 August 1781 – 1784[12]

(Post of Secretary of Marine created but remained vacant)

Executive Department, 1798–1949

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  Denotes an Acting United States Secretary of the Navy
No. Portrait Name State Start End President(s)
1 Benjamin Stoddert Maryland 18 June 1798 31 March 1801 John Adams
(1797–1801)
Thomas Jefferson
(1801–1809)
2 Robert Smith Maryland 27 July 1801 4 March 1809
3 Paul Hamilton South Carolina 15 May 1809 31 December 1812 James Madison
(1809–1817)
4 William Jones Pennsylvania 19 January 1813 1 December 1814
5 Benjamin Crowninshield Massachusetts 16 January 1815 30 September 1818
James Monroe
(1817–1825)
6 Smith Thompson New York 1 January 1819 31 August 1823
7 Samuel L. Southard New Jersey 16 September 1823 4 March 1829
John Quincy Adams
(1825–1829)
8 John Branch North Carolina 9 March 1829 12 May 1831 Andrew Jackson
(1829–1837)
9 Levi Woodbury New Hampshire 23 May 1831 30 June 1834
10 Mahlon Dickerson New Jersey 1 July 1834 30 June 1838
Martin Van Buren
(1837–1841)
11 James K. Paulding New York 1 July 1838 4 March 1841
12 George E. Badger North Carolina 6 March 1841 11 September 1841 William Henry Harrison
(1841)
John Tyler
(1841–1845)
13 Abel P. Upshur Virginia 11 October 1841 23 July 1843
14 David Henshaw Massachusetts 24 July 1843 18 February 1844
15 Thomas W. Gilmer Virginia 19 February 1844 28 February 1844
16 John Y. Mason Virginia 26 March 1844 4 March 1845
17 George Bancroft Massachusetts 11 March 1845 9 September 1846 James K. Polk
(1845–1849)
18 John Y. Mason Virginia 10 September 1846 4 March 1849
19 William B. Preston Virginia 8 March 1849 22 July 1850 Zachary Taylor
(1849–1850)
20 William Graham North Carolina 2 August 1850 25 July 1852 Millard Fillmore
(1850–1853)
21 John P. Kennedy Maryland 26 July 1852 4 March 1853
22 James C. Dobbin North Carolina 8 March 1853 4 March 1857 Franklin Pierce
(1853–1857)
23 Isaac Toucey Connecticut 7 March 1857 4 March 1861 James Buchanan
(1857–1861)
24 Gideon Welles Connecticut 7 March 1861 4 March 1869 Abraham Lincoln
(1861–1865)
Andrew Johnson
(1865–1869)
25 Adolph E. Borie Pennsylvania 9 March 1869 25 June 1869 Ulysses S. Grant
(1869–1877)
26 George M. Robeson New Jersey 26 June 1869 4 March 1877
(acting) William Faxon 4 March 1877 13 March 1877 Rutherford B. Hayes
(1877–1881)
27 Richard W. Thompson Indiana 13 March 1877 20 December 1880
28 Nathan Goff Jr. West Virginia 7 January 1881 4 March 1881
29 William H. Hunt Louisiana 7 March 1881 16 April 1882 James A. Garfield
(1881)
Chester A. Arthur
(1881–1885)
30 William E. Chandler New Hampshire 16 April 1882 4 March 1885
31 William C. Whitney New York 7 March 1885 4 March 1889 Grover Cleveland
(1885–1889)
32 Benjamin F. Tracy New York 6 March 1889 4 March 1893 Benjamin Harrison
(1889–1893)
33 Hilary A. Herbert Alabama 7 March 1893 4 March 1897 Grover Cleveland
(1893–1897)
34 John Davis Long Massachusetts 6 March 1897 30 April 1902 William McKinley
(1897–1901)
Theodore Roosevelt
(1901–1909)
35 William Moody Massachusetts 1 May 1902 30 June 1904
36 Paul Morton Illinois 1 July 1904 30 June 1905
37 Charles Bonaparte Maryland 1 July 1905 16 December 1906
38 Victor H. Metcalf California 17 December 1906 30 November 1908
39 Truman Handy Newberry Michigan 1 December 1908 4 March 1909
40 George von Lengerke Meyer Massachusetts 6 March 1909 4 March 1913 William Howard Taft
(1909–1913)
41 Josephus Daniels North Carolina 5 March 1913 4 March 1921 Woodrow Wilson
(1913–1921)
42 Edwin Denby Michigan 6 March 1921 10 March 1924 Warren G. Harding
(1921–1923)
Calvin Coolidge
(1923–1929)
(acting) Theodore Roosevelt Jr. 10 March 1924 19 March 1924
43 Curtis D. Wilbur California 19 March 1924 4 March 1929
44 Charles Francis Adams III Massachusetts 5 March 1929 4 March 1933 Herbert Hoover
(1929–1933)
45 Claude A. Swanson Virginia 4 March 1933 7 July 1939 Franklin D. Roosevelt
(1933–1945)
46 Charles Edison New Jersey 7 July 1939 2 January 1940
2 January 1940 24 June 1940
(acting) Lewis Compton 24 June 1940 11 July 1940
47 Frank Knox Illinois 11 July 1940 28 April 1944
(acting) Ralph Austin Bard 28 April 1944 19 May 1944
48 James Forrestal New York 19 May 1944 17 September 1947
Harry S. Truman
(1945–1953)
49 John Sullivan New Hampshire 18 September 1947 24 May 1949
50 Francis P. Matthews Nebraska 25 May 1949 10 August 1949

Military Department (Department of Defense), 1949–present

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  Denotes an Acting United States Secretary of the Navy
No. Portrait Name Term of office President(s)
Start End Duration
50 Francis P. Matthews 10 August 1949 31 July 1951 797 Harry S. Truman
(1945–1953)
51 Dan A. Kimball 31 July 1951 20 January 1953 539
52 Robert Anderson 4 February 1953 3 March 1954 392 Dwight D. Eisenhower
(1953–1961)
53 Charles Thomas 3 May 1954 1 April 1957 1064
54 Thomas S. Gates Jr. 1 April 1957 8 June 1959 798
55 William B. Franke 8 June 1959 19 January 1961 591
56 John Connally 25 January 1961 20 December 1961 329 John F. Kennedy
(1961–1963)
57 Fred Korth 4 January 1962 1 November 1963 666
(acting) Paul B. Fay 2 November 1963 28 November 1963 26
Lyndon B. Johnson
(1963–1969)
58 Paul Nitze 29 November 1963 30 June 1967 1309
(acting) Charles F. Baird 1 July 1967 31 August 1967 61
59 Paul Ignatius 1 September 1967 24 January 1969 511
Richard Nixon
(1969–1974)
60 John Chafee 31 January 1969 4 May 1972 1189
61 John Warner 4 May 1972 8 April 1974 704
62 J. William Middendorf 8 April 1974 20 January 1977 1018
Gerald Ford
(1974–1977)
63 W. Graham Claytor Jr. 14 February 1977 24 August 1979 921 Jimmy Carter
(1977–1981)
64 Edward Hidalgo 24 October 1979 20 January 1981 454
65 John Lehman 5 February 1981 10 April 1987 2255 Ronald Reagan
(1981–1989)
66 Jim Webb 1 May 1987 23 February 1988 298
67 William L. Ball 28 March 1988 15 May 1989 413
George H. W. Bush
(1989–1993)
68 Henry L. Garrett III 15 May 1989 26 June 1992 1138
(acting) Daniel Howard 26 June 1992 7 July 1992 11
69 Sean O'Keefe 7 July 1992 2 October 1992 87
2 October 1992 20 January 1993 110
(acting) Frank Kelso 20 January 1993 21 July 1993 182 Bill Clinton
(1993–2001)
70 John H. Dalton 22 July 1993 16 November 1998 1943
71 Richard Danzig 16 November 1998 20 January 2001 796
(acting) Robert B. Pirie Jr. 20 January 2001 24 May 2001 124 George W. Bush
(2001–2009)
72 Gordon R. England 24 May 2001 30 January 2003 616
(acting) Susan Livingstone 30 January 2003 7 February 2003 8
(acting) Hansford T. Johnson 7 February 2003 30 September 2003 235
73 Gordon R. England 1 October 2003 29 December 2005[13] 820
(acting) Dionel M. Aviles 29 December 2005[13] 3 January 2006[13] 5
74 Donald C. Winter 3 January 2006[13] 13 March 2009[14] 1165
Barack Obama
(2009–2017)
(acting) B. J. Penn 13 March 2009[14] 19 May 2009[15] 67
75 Ray Mabus 19 May 2009[14] 20 January 2017 2803
(acting) Sean Stackley 20 January 2017 3 August 2017 195 Donald Trump
(2017–2021)
76 Richard V. Spencer 3 August 2017 15 July 2019 711
(acting) Thomas Modly 15 July 2019 31 July 2019 16
76 Richard V. Spencer 31 July 2019 24 November 2019 116
(acting) Thomas Modly 24 November 2019 7 April 2020 135
(acting) James E. McPherson 7 April 2020 29 May 2020 52
77 Kenneth Braithwaite 29 May 2020[16] 20 January 2021 236
(acting) Thomas Harker 20 January 2021 9 August 2021 201 Joe Biden
(2021–2025)
78 Carlos Del Toro 9 August 2021 Incumbent 1235

See also

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References

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  1. ^ "Guide to Federal Records – General Records of the Department of the Navy, 1798–1947". Archived from the original on 17 September 2017. Retrieved 23 September 2007.
  2. ^ Quinn, Melissa; Segers, Grace (20 January 2021). "Who is leading federal agencies until Senate confirms Biden's nominees". CBS News. Archived from the original on 21 January 2021. Retrieved 20 January 2021.
  3. ^ Bacon, Lance M. (2 May 2016). "Congressman: I'll 'keep fighting like a bulldog' to rename the Navy Department for Marines". Marine Corps Times. Archived from the original on 13 February 2022. Retrieved 16 March 2022.
  4. ^ "Responsibilities". The US Navy. Archived from the original on 17 February 2012. Retrieved 23 September 2007.
  5. ^ "10 U.S. Code § 8013 – Secretary of the Navy". LII. Archived from the original on 28 October 2022. Retrieved 13 December 2022.
  6. ^ "The Honorable Donald C. Winter". U.S. Navy Biographies. 3 January 2006. Archived from the original on 12 September 2007. Retrieved 23 September 2007.
  7. ^ "10 U.S. Code § 8013a – Secretary of the Navy: powers with respect to Coast Guard". Archived from the original on 13 December 2022. Retrieved 13 December 2022.
  8. ^ "10 U.S. Code § 8014 – Office of the Secretary of the Navy". Archived from the original on 13 December 2022. Retrieved 13 December 2022.
  9. ^ "Archived copy" (PDF). Archived from the original on 1 April 2003. Retrieved 4 December 2022.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link) CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (link)
  10. ^ "Department of the Navy, Office of the General Counsel (DON-OGC) – OGC History". Archived from the original on 24 July 2007. Retrieved 23 September 2007.
  11. ^ Joseph Hewes Archived 10 May 2013 at the Wayback Machine. Dictionary of American Naval Fighting Ships. Naval Historical and Heritage Command.
  12. ^ Benson J. Lossing. Household History for All Readers Archived 30 June 2016 at the Wayback Machine. 1877. Republished in Our Country vol. 2
  13. ^ a b c d Staff reporter (29 December 2005). "Acting Deputy Defense Secretary Relinquishes Top Navy Post". American Forces Press Service. Archived from the original on 27 May 2009. Retrieved 18 May 2009. Navy Undersecretary Dionel M. Aviles will serve as acting Navy secretary effective today. Donald Winter, who was confirmed by the Senate last month, will be sworn in as the 74th secretary of the Navy on Jan. 3.
  14. ^ a b c "Navy Secretary Departs Office" (Press release). United States Department of Defense. 13 March 2009. Archived from the original on 9 May 2009. Retrieved 18 May 2009. The 74th Secretary of the Navy, Donald C. Winter, resigned his office today as planned. Winter had agreed to remain in office until March 13, 2009, to ease the transition of the Department of Defense. [...] BJ Penn will be the acting Secretary of the Navy until the Senate confirms a nominee chosen by President Barack Obama.
  15. ^ Staff reporter (19 May 2005). "Mabus Sworn in as New Navy Secretary". NNS. Archived from the original on 27 May 2009. Retrieved 20 May 2009. Ray Mabus, former Mississippi governor and U.S. ambassador to the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, was sworn in May 19 as the 75th secretary of the Navy. (Archived by WebCite at WebCite)
  16. ^ "Kenneth Braithwaite Sworn in as Secretary of the Navy". USNI News. 29 May 2020. Archived from the original on 3 June 2020. Retrieved 30 May 2020.
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